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PC Electronics Plus (Most Significant Bits)(1995).ISO
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elec1.cai
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1991-07-15
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@OPTIONS ESCAPE
@ESC SYSTEM
.SCREEN 0
.COLOR 15,0
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ INTRODUCTION ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 10,17
If you never thought of yourself as a technical
.LOCATE 11,17
person, this program was put together with you
.LOCATE 12,17
in mind. It assumes that you know very little
.LOCATE 13,17
about electricity and electronics, and that
.LOCATE 14,17
you want to know more - not enough to qualify
.LOCATE 15,17
you for a job as an electronics engineer - but
.LOCATE 16,17
at least enough to make you familiar with
.LOCATE 17,17
technology you have to deal with on a daily basis.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ INTRODUCTION ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 9,20
One of the things you will discover as you
.LOCATE 10,20
proceed through this section is that
.LOCATE 11,20
Electronics isn't really all that complicated.
.LOCATE 12,20
All you need to learn at this point is:
.LOCATE 13,20
.LOCATE 15,27
1. A FEW BASIC CONCEPTS.
.LOCATE 17,27
2. A FEW KEY TERMS.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ KEY TERMS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 7,26
Let's start by defining exactly
.LOCATE 8,26
what we will be talking about:
.LOCATE 11,10
ELECTRICITY is:
.LOCATE 11,27
A form of energy made up of small energized
.LOCATE 12,27
particles called.................ELECTRONS.
.LOCATE 14,10
ELECTRONICS is:
.LOCATE 14,27
A branch of physics that deals with how
.LOCATE 15,27
electrons behave in vacuums or gases.
.LOCATE 17,10
ELECTRONIC is:
.LOCATE 17,27
The term used to describe any device that
.LOCATE 18,27
utilizes principles of electronics.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ KEY TERMS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 7,5
REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING KEY TERMS:
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 11,23
ELECTRICITY....A FORM OF ENERGY.
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 14,23
ELECTRONICS....A BRANCH OF SCIENCE.
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 17,23
ELECTRONIC.....A CLASS OF PRODUCTS.
.wait 20
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ MOVING INTO THE REAL WORLD ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 6,14
For purposes of convenience, ELECTRICAL and ELECTRONIC
.LOCATE 7,14
systems can be divided into separate classes:
.LOCATE 10,15
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS - normally use relatively large
.LOCATE 11,37
amounts of electric energy to:
.LOCATE 13,26
┌──────────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 14,26
│PERFORM SOME TYPE OF WORK.│
.LOCATE 15,26
└──────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 17,15
ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS - normally use relatively small
.LOCATE 18,37
amounts of electric energy to:
.LOCATE 20,24
┌───────────────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 21,24
│PROCESS OR TRANSMIT INFORMATION│
.LOCATE 22,24
└───────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.LOCATE 12,17
That creates some interesting possibilities.......
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ MOVING INTO THE REAL WORLD ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 9,18
Most products are made from a combination of
.LOCATE 10,18
electrical and electronic components.
.LOCATE 14,18
* The ELECTRICAL components provide the muscle.
.LOCATE 17,18
* THE ELECTRONIC components provide the brainpower.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ MOVING INTO THE REAL WORLD ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
In the case of an electronic automotive ignition system:
The ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE (ECM) controls the ignition process.
┌────┐ ┌───────┐
╔══════════════════╡COIL╞════════╡BATTERY│
┌───┐ ┌──╨─┐ └────┘ └───╥───┘
│ECM├─────────────┤DIST╞═════════════════╗ ║
└┬┬┬┘ └────┘ ║ ┌─╨─┐
│││ ░ │ALT│
INFORMATION ▒▒▒ └───┘
INPUTS ▒▒▒
TO ECM ▒▒▒
▐███▌
░░░
─┘
BUT, the Alternator, Coil, Sparkplugs, and Battery are the electrical
components that provide the high voltage spark that ignites the fuel.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.LOCATE 2,1
▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓
.LOCATE 3,1
▓▓┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬────────────┐▓▓
.LOCATE 4,1
▓▓│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 5,1
▓▓│░░┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────┐░░│▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 6,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 7,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 8,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 9,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 10,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 11,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 12,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 13,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 14,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 15,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 16,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 17,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 18,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 19,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 20,1
▓▓│░░└───────────────────────────────────────────────────┘░░│▒▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 21,1
▓▓│░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 22,1
▓▓└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴────────────┘▓▓
.LOCATE 23,1
▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 9,20
A television set is another
.LOCATE 11,20
example of a product that uses
.LOCATE 13,20
both electrical and electronic
.LOCATE 15,20
components.
.WAIT 40
.LOCATE 9,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 10,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 11,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 12,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 13,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 14,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 15,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 16,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 25,34
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 10,16
The screen is an electronic component.
.LOCATE 12,16
It is a vacuum tube that paints pictures
.LOCATE 14,16
on its glass with a spray of electrons.
.WAIT 40
.LOCATE 10,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 11,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 12,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 13,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 14,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 10,15
The transformer is an electrical component
.LOCATE 12,15
that changes electric power from a wall
.LOCATE 14,15
outlet into the type of current the
.LOCATE 16,15
television requires.
.WAIT 40
.LOCATE 10,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 11,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 12,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 13,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 14,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 15,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 16,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 10,16
Most of the transistors, capacitors,
.LOCATE 12,16
diodes, and other small parts that make
.LOCATE 14,16
the television work are electronic.
.WAIT 40
.LOCATE 10,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 11,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 12,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 13,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.LOCATE 14,1
▓▓│░░│ │░░│▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒│▓▓
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 11,16
The speaker is an electrical component
.LOCATE 13,16
that uses electricity to generate sound.
.WAIT 40
.locate 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ QUIZ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 5,15
TRY YOUR LUCK AT CLASSIFYING SOME COMMON PRODUCTS:
.LOCATE 7,14
1. Type answer. Use backspace key to correct errors.
.LOCATE 8,14
2. Press ENTER key.
.LOCATE 9,14
3. See response.
.LOCATE 10,14
4. Press ENTER key for next question.
.WAIT 20
@BEGIN QUESTION NOCOUNT
@TRIES 1
.LOCATE 12,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 13,29
│ TOASTER │
.LOCATE 14,29
│ │
.LOCATE 15,29
│ A. Electrical │
.LOCATE 16,29
│ B. Electronic │
.LOCATE 17,29
│ │
.LOCATE 18,29
│ Type letter here: │
.LOCATE 19,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 20,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 21,29
│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
.LOCATE 22,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 18,50
@READ (* *)
.WAIT 20
@RIGHT (*A*) EXACT NOCASE
.LOCATE 21,38
RIGHT !
.LOCATE 21,38
@WRONG FINAL (*B*)
.LOCATE 21,38
WRONG !
@END QUESTION
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.LOCATE 12,1
.BLANK 12
.WAIT 20
@BEGIN QUESTION NOCOUNT
@TRIES 1
.LOCATE 13,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 14,29
│ DIGITAL WATCH │
.LOCATE 15,29
│ │
.LOCATE 16,29
│ A. Electrical │
.LOCATE 17,29
│ B. Electronic │
.LOCATE 18,29
│ │
.LOCATE 19,29
│ Type letter here: │
.LOCATE 20,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 21,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 22,29
│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
.LOCATE 23,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 19,50
@READ (* *)
.WAIT 20
@RIGHT (*B*) EXACT NOCASE
.LOCATE 22,38
RIGHT !
.LOCATE 22,38
@WRONG FINAL (*A*)
.LOCATE 22,38
WRONG !
@END QUESTION
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.LOCATE 13,1
.BLANK 11
.WAIT 20
@BEGIN QUESTION NOCOUNT
@TRIES 1
.LOCATE 12,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 13,29
│ PERSONAL COMPUTER │
.LOCATE 14,29
│ │
.LOCATE 15,29
│ A. Electrical │
.LOCATE 16,29
│ B. Electronic │
.LOCATE 17,29
│ C. Both │
.LOCATE 18,29
│ │
.LOCATE 19,29
│ Type letter here: │
.LOCATE 20,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 21,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 22,29
│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
.LOCATE 23,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 19,49
@READ (* *)
.WAIT 20
@RIGHT (*C*) EXACT NOCASE
.LOCATE 22,38
RIGHT !
@WRONG FINAL
.LOCATE 22,30
▓▓▓▓▓ WRONG - BOTH ▓▓▓▓
@END QUESTION
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.LOCATE 12,1
.BLANK 12
.WAIT 20
@BEGIN QUESTION
@TRIES 1
.LOCATE 12,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 13,29
│PHONE ANSWERING MACHINE│
.LOCATE 14,29
│ │
.LOCATE 15,29
│ A. Electrical │
.LOCATE 16,29
│ B. Electronic │
.LOCATE 17,29
│ C. Both │
.LOCATE 18,29
│ │
.LOCATE 19,29
│ Type letter here: │
.LOCATE 20,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 21,29
┌───────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 22,29
│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓ ▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
.LOCATE 23,29
└───────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 19,49
@READ (* *)
.WAIT 20
@RIGHT (*C*) EXACT NOCASE
.LOCATE 22,38
RIGHT !
@WRONG FINAL
.LOCATE 22,30
▓▓▓▓▓ WRONG - BOTH ▓▓▓▓
@END QUESTION
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.LOCATE 12,1
.BLANK 12
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 16,29
┌───────────────────┐
.LOCATE 17,29
│ │
.LOCATE 18,29
│ ---END OF QUIZ--- │
.LOCATE 19,29
│ │
.LOCATE 20,29
└───────────────────┘
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.LOCATE 10,15
If you missed any questions, remember that most
.LOCATE 11,15
products are a combination of electrical and
.LOCATE 12,15
electronic components. Even computers rely on
.LOCATE 13,15
transformers to convert electric current and
.LOCATE 14,15
small electric motors to operate their disk drives.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ELECTRONS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 10,13
Remember, we said that electricity is made up of small
.LOCATE 11,13
energized particles called ELECTRONS.
.LOCATE 14,16
If you understand what ELECTRONS are........and
.LOCATE 15,16
how they behave........it's easy to understand
.LOCATE 16,16
what electricity is - and how it works.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ ELECTRONS ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 8,19
ELECTRONS are negatively charged particles
.LOCATE 9,19
that orbit around the nucleus of an atom
.LOCATE 10,19
in the same way that the planets in our
.LOCATE 11,19
solar system orbit around the Sun.
.LOCATE 13,19
In certain materials such as copper,
.LOCATE 14,19
the outermost electrons in the copper atoms
.LOCATE 15,19
can be broken free with relative ease.
.LOCATE 17,19
When that happens, they become......FREE ELECTRONS.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ELECTRONS ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 6,22
FREE ELECTRONS have two characteristics
.LOCATE 7,22
that make them valuable:
.LOCATE 9,23
1. They repel other electrons.
.LOCATE 11,23
2. They are attracted to atoms that have
.LOCATE 12,27
a shortage of electrons.
.LOCATE 15,16
As a result............Unless they are restrained,
.LOCATE 16,16
they are in constant motion - pushing away from other
.LOCATE 17,16
electrons and being drawn towards atoms that have
.LOCATE 18,16
too few electrons.
.LOCATE 20,16
When that motion is harnessed, the result is.......
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.LOCATE 12,19
ELECTRIC POWER......A usable form of energy
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ELECTRIC POWER ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 8,25
HOW ELECTRIC POWER IS CREATED:
.LOCATE 10,17
Electric power doesn't just happen. Some
.LOCATE 11,17
action has to take place that will break
.LOCATE 12,17
electrons free from from their host atoms.
.LOCATE 14,17
In an automobile the process takes place
.LOCATE 15,17
in the alternator where electrons are broken
.LOCATE 16,17
loose by spinning a magnet in a loop of copper
.LOCATE 17,17
wire. The Free Electrons are then stored in
.locate 18,17
the battery which supplies power to the vehicle.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ELECTRIC CURRENT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 10,18
When ELECTRIC POWER is routed along a path....
.LOCATE 12,18
a piece of wire, for instance,.......the flow
.LOCATE 14,18
of electrons from one end of the wire to
.LOCATE 16,18
the other is called.........ELECTRIC CURRENT.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ ELECTRIC CURRENT ░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 6,21
There are two types of ELECTRIC CURRENT:
.LOCATE 8,34
DIRECT CURRENT
.LOCATE 10,31
ALTERNATING CURRENT
.LOCATE 12,6
Automotive systems and electronics products use DIRECT CURRENT.
.LOCATE 13,6
The electric power lines in your home supply ALTERNATING CURRENT.
.LOCATE 15,6
Any home appliance or electronic product that requires Direct Current
.LOCATE 16,6
will include a transformer to convert the Alternating Current.
.LOCATE 18,13
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
.LOCATE 19,13
│ NOTE: ALL INFORMATION IN THIS PROGRAM REFERS TO │
.LOCATE 20,13
│ DIRECT CURRENT ONLY. │
.LOCATE 21,13
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.SKIP 5
Later in this section you will learn that DIRECT CURRENT
flows in a circuit that forms a loop. Electrons in the
circuit follow a "direct" path around the loop, back to
their starting point.
In the case of ALTERNATING CURRENT, the path is less like
a loop and more like a one way street that keeps changing
the direction that the traffic flows. Electrons will flow
from the source along the path. Then the flow will reverse,
allowing the Electrons to follow the same route back to
the source. The direction of the flow keeps "alternating".
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ THE CIRCUIT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 8,16
So far, we have created......ELECTRIC POWER
.LOCATE 10,16
in the form of......FREE ELECTRONS
.LOCATE 12,16
and we have turned that power into....ELECTRIC CURRENT
.LOCATE 14,16
by sending it along a specified path.
.LOCATE 16,16
But, what makes the electrons flow along the path ?
.LOCATE 25,16
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ THE CIRCUIT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 7,15
We noted earlier, that FREE ELECTRONS are attracted
.LOCATE 8,15
to atoms that have......a shortage of Electrons.
.LOCATE 10,15
If there were atoms that had a shortage of Electrons
.LOCATE 11,15
at the other end of the path, the Free Electrons would
.LOCATE 12,15
logically follow that path to get to those atoms, aided
.LOCATE 13,15
by their tendancy to move away from other Free Electrons
.LOCATE 14,15
at their starting point.
.LOCATE 16,15
The next question is:
.LOCATE 18,18
Where can we find a convenient supply of atoms
.LOCATE 19,18
that have a shortage of electrons ?
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ THE CIRCUIT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 8,14
The answer:
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 8,26
We created that supply at the location
.LOCATE 9,26
where we broke the electrons free.
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 11,10
In the case of DIRECT CURRENT, All we have to do is is to
.LOCATE 12,10
make our path in the form of a loop......and the FREE ELECTRONS
.LOCATE 13,10
would follow that path......back to their original location.
.LOCATE 16,27
The path that forms that loop
.LOCATE 17,27
is called a......CIRCUIT.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ THE CIRCUIT ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
.LOCATE 4,15
A complete CIRCUIT must include four components:
.WAIT 15
.LOCATE 6,11
1. A source of electric power.
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 7,11
2. A path that leads to the device that will use the power.
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 8,11
3. The power using device.
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 9,11
4. A path back to the source to complete the loop.
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 11,5
╔════════════╗ ╔════════════╗
.LOCATE 12,5
║ ║──────────────────────────────────────────║ ║
.LOCATE 13,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 14,5
║ ║──────────────────────────────────────────║ ║
.LOCATE 15,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 16,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 17,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 18,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 19,5
║ ║──────────────────────────────────────────║ ║
.LOCATE 20,5
║ ║ ║ ║
.LOCATE 21,5
║ ║──────────────────────────────────────────║ ║
.LOCATE 22,5
╚════════════╝ ╚════════════╝
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 14,8
DEVICE
.LOCATE 15,8
THAT
.LOCATE 16,8
CREATES
.LOCATE 17,8
ELECTRIC
.LOCATE 18,8
POWER
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 13,19
>>>>>>FLOW OF ELECTRONS FROM SOURCE>>>>>>>
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 14,64
DEVICE
.LOCATE 15,64
THAT
.LOCATE 16,64
USES
.LOCATE 17,64
ELECTRIC
.LOCATE 18,64
POWER
.WAIT 30
.LOCATE 20,19
<<<<FLOW OF ELECTRONS BACK TO SOURCE<<<<<<
.WAIT 20
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.LOCATE 8,11
The circuit diagram illustrates one of the most noteworthy
.LOCATE 9,11
characteristics of electric energy. It is a totally renewable
.LOCATE 10,11
resource. Electrons are not "used up". They just dissipate their
.LOCATE 11,11
energy in powering whatever electrical device is included in the
.LOCATE 12,11
circuit. All that is needed to "recycle" them is put them in motion.
.LOCATE 15,11
The only "problem" with electric energy is that many of the methods
.LOCATE 16,11
now used to generate it - such as burning fossil fuels - do deplete
.LOCATE 17,11
natural resources and pollute the environment.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ SUMMARY ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
It may not seem like it but you just covered a lot
material in a short period of time. Your technical
vocabulary is expanding. In now includes:
ELECTRICITY
ELECTRON
FREE ELECTRON
ELECTRONIC
ELECTRONICS
ELECTRIC CURRENT
DIRECT CURRENT
ALTERNATING CURRENT
CIRCUIT
When you see an electric or electronic product try to
visualize the flow of energy that makes the product
function.
.LOCATE 25,19
.PAUSE (*(Press ENTER to continue/ESCAPE to exit)*)
.CLS
.USE PROG=EQIZ1.CAI